.. DO NOT EDIT. .. THIS FILE WAS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED BY SPHINX-GALLERY. .. TO MAKE CHANGES, EDIT THE SOURCE PYTHON FILE: .. "auto_examples/model_evaluation/plot_estimator_report.py" .. LINE NUMBERS ARE GIVEN BELOW. .. only:: html .. note:: :class: sphx-glr-download-link-note :ref:`Go to the end ` to download the full example code. .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-example-title .. _sphx_glr_auto_examples_model_evaluation_plot_estimator_report.py: .. _example_estimator_report: =============================================================== `EstimatorReport`: Get insights from any scikit-learn estimator =============================================================== This example shows how the :class:`skore.EstimatorReport` class can be used to quickly get insights from any scikit-learn estimator. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 13-19 Loading our dataset and defining our estimator ============================================== First, we load a dataset from skrub. Our goal is to predict if a company paid a physician. The ultimate goal is to detect potential conflict of interest when it comes to the actual problem that we want to solve. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 21-27 .. code-block:: Python from skrub.datasets import fetch_open_payments dataset = fetch_open_payments() df = dataset.X y = dataset.y .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none Downloading 'open_payments' from https://github.com/skrub-data/skrub-data-files/raw/refs/heads/main/open_payments.zip (attempt 1/3) .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 28-32 .. code-block:: Python from skrub import TableReport TableReport(df) .. raw:: html

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.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 33-35 .. code-block:: Python TableReport(y.to_frame()) .. raw:: html

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.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 36-43 Looking at the distributions of the target, we observe that this classification task is quite imbalanced. It means that we have to be careful when selecting a set of statistical metrics to evaluate the classification performance of our predictive model. In addition, we see that the class labels are not specified by an integer 0 or 1 but instead by a string "allowed" or "disallowed". For our application, the label of interest is "allowed". .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 43-45 .. code-block:: Python pos_label, neg_label = "allowed", "disallowed" .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 46-48 Before training a predictive model, we need to split our dataset into a training and a validation set. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 48-52 .. code-block:: Python from skore import train_test_split X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(df, y, random_state=42) .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none ╭───────────────────────────── HighClassImbalanceWarning ──────────────────────────────╮ │ It seems that you have a classification problem with a high class imbalance. In this │ │ case, using train_test_split may not be a good idea because of high variability in │ │ the scores obtained on the test set. To tackle this challenge we suggest to use │ │ skore's cross_validate function. │ ╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯ ╭───────────────────────────────── ShuffleTrueWarning ─────────────────────────────────╮ │ We detected that the `shuffle` parameter is set to `True` either explicitly or from │ │ its default value. In case of time-ordered events (even if they are independent), │ │ this will result in inflated model performance evaluation because natural drift will │ │ not be taken into account. We recommend setting the shuffle parameter to `False` in │ │ order to ensure the evaluation process is really representative of your production │ │ release process. │ ╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯ .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 53-63 By the way, notice how skore's :func:`~skore.train_test_split` automatically warns us for a class imbalance. Now, we need to define a predictive model. Hopefully, `skrub` provides a convenient function (:func:`skrub.tabular_learner`) when it comes to getting strong baseline predictive models with a single line of code. As its feature engineering is generic, it does not provide some handcrafted and tailored feature engineering but still provides a good starting point. So let's create a classifier for our task and fit it on the training set. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 63-68 .. code-block:: Python from skrub import tabular_learner estimator = tabular_learner("classifier").fit(X_train, y_train) estimator .. raw:: html 
Pipeline(steps=[('tablevectorizer',
                     TableVectorizer(high_cardinality=MinHashEncoder(),
                                     low_cardinality=ToCategorical())),
                    ('histgradientboostingclassifier',
                     HistGradientBoostingClassifier())])
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.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 69-78 Getting insights from our estimator =================================== Introducing the :class:`skore.EstimatorReport` class ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Now, we would be interested in getting some insights from our predictive model. One way is to use the :class:`skore.EstimatorReport` class. This constructor will detect that our estimator is already fitted and will not fit it again. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 78-84 .. code-block:: Python from skore import EstimatorReport report = EstimatorReport( estimator, X_train=X_train, y_train=y_train, X_test=X_test, y_test=y_test ) .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 85-88 Once the report is created, we get some information regarding the available tools allowing us to get some insights from our specific model on our specific task by calling the :meth:`~skore.EstimatorReport.help` method. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 89-91 .. code-block:: Python report.help() .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none ╭──────────── Tools to diagnose estimator HistGradientBoostingClassifier ─────────────╮ │ EstimatorReport │ │ ├── .metrics │ │ │ ├── .accuracy(...) (↗︎) - Compute the accuracy score. │ │ │ ├── .brier_score(...) (↘︎) - Compute the Brier score. │ │ │ ├── .log_loss(...) (↘︎) - Compute the log loss. │ │ │ ├── .precision(...) (↗︎) - Compute the precision score. │ │ │ ├── .precision_recall(...) - Plot the precision-recall curve. │ │ │ ├── .recall(...) (↗︎) - Compute the recall score. │ │ │ ├── .roc(...) - Plot the ROC curve. │ │ │ ├── .roc_auc(...) (↗︎) - Compute the ROC AUC score. │ │ │ ├── .custom_metric(...) - Compute a custom metric. │ │ │ └── .report_metrics(...) - Report a set of metrics for our estimator. │ │ ├── .cache_predictions(...) - Cache estimator's predictions. │ │ ├── .clear_cache(...) - Clear the cache. │ │ └── Attributes │ │ ├── .X_test │ │ ├── .X_train │ │ ├── .y_test │ │ ├── .y_train │ │ ├── .estimator_ │ │ └── .estimator_name_ │ │ │ │ │ │ Legend: │ │ (↗︎) higher is better (↘︎) lower is better │ ╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯ .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 92-93 Be aware that we can access the help for each individual sub-accessor. For instance: .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 94-96 .. code-block:: Python report.metrics.help() .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none ╭─────────────────────────── Available metrics methods ───────────────────────────╮ │ report.metrics │ │ ├── .accuracy(...) (↗︎) - Compute the accuracy score. │ │ ├── .brier_score(...) (↘︎) - Compute the Brier score. │ │ ├── .log_loss(...) (↘︎) - Compute the log loss. │ │ ├── .precision(...) (↗︎) - Compute the precision score. │ │ ├── .precision_recall(...) - Plot the precision-recall curve. │ │ ├── .recall(...) (↗︎) - Compute the recall score. │ │ ├── .roc(...) - Plot the ROC curve. │ │ ├── .roc_auc(...) (↗︎) - Compute the ROC AUC score. │ │ ├── .custom_metric(...) - Compute a custom metric. │ │ └── .report_metrics(...) - Report a set of metrics for our estimator. │ │ │ │ │ │ Legend: │ │ (↗︎) higher is better (↘︎) lower is better │ ╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯ .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 97-105 Metrics computation with aggressive caching ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ At this point, we might be interested to have a first look at the statistical performance of our model on the validation set that we provided. We can access it by calling any of the metrics displayed above. Since we are greedy, we want to get several metrics at once and we will use the :meth:`~skore.EstimatorReport.metrics.report_metrics` method. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 106-113 .. code-block:: Python import time start = time.time() metric_report = report.metrics.report_metrics(pos_label=pos_label) end = time.time() metric_report .. raw:: html
HistGradientBoostingClassifier
Metric
Precision 0.683292
Recall 0.470790
ROC AUC 0.946718
Brier score 0.034324


.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 114-116 .. code-block:: Python print(f"Time taken to compute the metrics: {end - start:.2f} seconds") .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none Time taken to compute the metrics: 4.72 seconds .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 117-124 An interesting feature provided by the :class:`skore.EstimatorReport` is the the caching mechanism. Indeed, when we have a large enough dataset, computing the predictions for a model is not cheap anymore. For instance, on our smallish dataset, it took a couple of seconds to compute the metrics. The report will cache the predictions and if we are interested in computing a metric again or an alternative metric that requires the same predictions, it will be faster. Let's check by requesting the same metrics report again. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 125-131 .. code-block:: Python start = time.time() metric_report = report.metrics.report_metrics(pos_label=pos_label) end = time.time() metric_report .. raw:: html
HistGradientBoostingClassifier
Metric
Precision 0.683292
Recall 0.470790
ROC AUC 0.946718
Brier score 0.034324


.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 132-134 .. code-block:: Python print(f"Time taken to compute the metrics: {end - start:.2f} seconds") .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none Time taken to compute the metrics: 0.00 seconds .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 135-137 Since we obtain a pandas dataframe, we can also use the plotting interface of pandas. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 138-144 .. code-block:: Python import matplotlib.pyplot as plt ax = metric_report.plot.barh() ax.set_title("Metrics report") plt.tight_layout() .. image-sg:: /auto_examples/model_evaluation/images/sphx_glr_plot_estimator_report_001.png :alt: Metrics report :srcset: /auto_examples/model_evaluation/images/sphx_glr_plot_estimator_report_001.png :class: sphx-glr-single-img .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 145-147 Whenever computing a metric, we check if the predictions are available in the cache and reload them if available. So for instance, let's compute the log loss. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 148-154 .. code-block:: Python start = time.time() log_loss = report.metrics.log_loss() end = time.time() log_loss .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none 0.12132732949290304 .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 155-157 .. code-block:: Python print(f"Time taken to compute the log loss: {end - start:.2f} seconds") .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none Time taken to compute the log loss: 0.03 seconds .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 158-160 We can show that without initial cache, it would have taken more time to compute the log loss. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 161-168 .. code-block:: Python report.clear_cache() start = time.time() log_loss = report.metrics.log_loss() end = time.time() log_loss .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none 0.12132732949290304 .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 169-171 .. code-block:: Python print(f"Time taken to compute the log loss: {end - start:.2f} seconds") .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none Time taken to compute the log loss: 1.57 seconds .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 172-175 By default, the metrics are computed on the test set only. However, if a training set is provided, we can also compute the metrics by specifying the `data_source` parameter. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 176-178 .. code-block:: Python report.metrics.log_loss(data_source="train") .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none 0.09789401747509845 .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 179-182 In the case where we are interested in computing the metrics on a completely new set of data, we can use the `data_source="X_y"` parameter. In addition, we need to provide a `X` and `y` parameters. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 183-191 .. code-block:: Python start = time.time() metric_report = report.metrics.report_metrics( data_source="X_y", X=X_test, y=y_test, pos_label=pos_label ) end = time.time() metric_report .. raw:: html
HistGradientBoostingClassifier
Metric
Precision 0.683292
Recall 0.470790
ROC AUC 0.946718
Brier score 0.034324


.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 192-194 .. code-block:: Python print(f"Time taken to compute the metrics: {end - start:.2f} seconds") .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none Time taken to compute the metrics: 4.90 seconds .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 195-198 As in the other case, we rely on the cache to avoid recomputing the predictions. Internally, we compute a hash of the input data to be sure that we can hit the cache in a consistent way. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 201-208 .. code-block:: Python start = time.time() metric_report = report.metrics.report_metrics( data_source="X_y", X=X_test, y=y_test, pos_label=pos_label ) end = time.time() metric_report .. raw:: html
HistGradientBoostingClassifier
Metric
Precision 0.683292
Recall 0.470790
ROC AUC 0.946718
Brier score 0.034324


.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 209-211 .. code-block:: Python print(f"Time taken to compute the metrics: {end - start:.2f} seconds") .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none Time taken to compute the metrics: 0.18 seconds .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 212-221 .. note:: In this last example, we rely on computing the hash of the input data. Therefore, there is a trade-off: the computation of the hash is not free and it might be faster to compute the predictions instead. Be aware that we can also benefit from the caching mechanism with our own custom metrics. Skore only expects that we define our own metric function to take `y_true` and `y_pred` as the first two positional arguments. It can take any other arguments. Let's see an example. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 222-236 .. code-block:: Python def operational_decision_cost(y_true, y_pred, amount): mask_true_positive = (y_true == pos_label) & (y_pred == pos_label) mask_true_negative = (y_true == neg_label) & (y_pred == neg_label) mask_false_positive = (y_true == neg_label) & (y_pred == pos_label) mask_false_negative = (y_true == pos_label) & (y_pred == neg_label) fraudulent_refuse = mask_true_positive.sum() * 50 fraudulent_accept = -amount[mask_false_negative].sum() legitimate_refuse = mask_false_positive.sum() * -5 legitimate_accept = (amount[mask_true_negative] * 0.02).sum() return fraudulent_refuse + fraudulent_accept + legitimate_refuse + legitimate_accept .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 237-241 In our use case, we have a operational decision to make that translate the classification outcome into a cost. It translate the confusion matrix into a cost matrix based on some amount linked to each sample in the dataset that are provided to us. Here, we randomly generate some amount as an illustration. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 242-247 .. code-block:: Python import numpy as np rng = np.random.default_rng(42) amount = rng.integers(low=100, high=1000, size=len(y_test)) .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 248-250 Let's make sure that a function called the `predict` method and cached the result. We compute the accuracy metric to make sure that the `predict` method is called. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 251-253 .. code-block:: Python report.metrics.accuracy() .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none 0.9526916802610114 .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 254-255 We can now compute the cost of our operational decision. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 256-263 .. code-block:: Python start = time.time() cost = report.metrics.custom_metric( metric_function=operational_decision_cost, response_method="predict", amount=amount ) end = time.time() cost .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none -124349.77999999997 .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 264-266 .. code-block:: Python print(f"Time taken to compute the cost: {end - start:.2f} seconds") .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none Time taken to compute the cost: 0.01 seconds .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 267-268 Let's now clean the cache and see if it is faster. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 269-271 .. code-block:: Python report.clear_cache() .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 272-279 .. code-block:: Python start = time.time() cost = report.metrics.custom_metric( metric_function=operational_decision_cost, response_method="predict", amount=amount ) end = time.time() cost .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none -124349.77999999997 .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 280-282 .. code-block:: Python print(f"Time taken to compute the cost: {end - start:.2f} seconds") .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none Time taken to compute the cost: 1.52 seconds .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 283-286 We observe that caching is working as expected. It is really handy because it means that we can compute some additional metrics without having to recompute the the predictions. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 287-294 .. code-block:: Python report.metrics.report_metrics( scoring=["precision", "recall", operational_decision_cost], scoring_names=["Precision", "Recall", "Operational Decision Cost"], pos_label=pos_label, scoring_kwargs={"amount": amount, "response_method": "predict"}, ) .. raw:: html
HistGradientBoostingClassifier
Metric
Precision 0.683292
Recall 0.470790
Operational Decision Cost -124349.780000


.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 295-299 It could happen that we are interested in providing several custom metrics which does not necessarily share the same parameters. In this more complex case, skore will require us to provide a scorer using the :func:`sklearn.metrics.make_scorer` function. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 300-311 .. code-block:: Python from sklearn.metrics import make_scorer, f1_score f1_scorer = make_scorer(f1_score, response_method="predict", pos_label=pos_label) operational_decision_cost_scorer = make_scorer( operational_decision_cost, response_method="predict", amount=amount ) report.metrics.report_metrics( scoring=[f1_scorer, operational_decision_cost_scorer], scoring_names=["F1 Score", "Operational Decision Cost"], ) .. raw:: html
HistGradientBoostingClassifier
Metric
F1 Score 0.557477
Operational Decision Cost -124349.780000


.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 312-318 Effortless one-liner plotting ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ The :class:`skore.EstimatorReport` class also provides a plotting interface that allows to plot *defacto* the most common plots. As for the metrics, we only provide the meaningful set of plots for the provided estimator. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 319-321 .. code-block:: Python report.metrics.help() .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none ╭─────────────────────────── Available metrics methods ───────────────────────────╮ │ report.metrics │ │ ├── .accuracy(...) (↗︎) - Compute the accuracy score. │ │ ├── .brier_score(...) (↘︎) - Compute the Brier score. │ │ ├── .log_loss(...) (↘︎) - Compute the log loss. │ │ ├── .precision(...) (↗︎) - Compute the precision score. │ │ ├── .precision_recall(...) - Plot the precision-recall curve. │ │ ├── .recall(...) (↗︎) - Compute the recall score. │ │ ├── .roc(...) - Plot the ROC curve. │ │ ├── .roc_auc(...) (↗︎) - Compute the ROC AUC score. │ │ ├── .custom_metric(...) - Compute a custom metric. │ │ └── .report_metrics(...) - Report a set of metrics for our estimator. │ │ │ │ │ │ Legend: │ │ (↗︎) higher is better (↘︎) lower is better │ ╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯ .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 322-323 Let's start by plotting the ROC curve for our binary classification task. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 324-328 .. code-block:: Python display = report.metrics.roc(pos_label=pos_label) display.plot() plt.tight_layout() .. image-sg:: /auto_examples/model_evaluation/images/sphx_glr_plot_estimator_report_002.png :alt: plot estimator report :srcset: /auto_examples/model_evaluation/images/sphx_glr_plot_estimator_report_002.png :class: sphx-glr-single-img .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 329-333 The plot functionality is built upon the scikit-learn display objects. We return those display (slightly modified to improve the UI) in case we want to tweak some of the plot properties. We can have quick look at the available attributes and methods by calling the ``help`` method or simply by printing the display. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 334-336 .. code-block:: Python display .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none skore.RocCurveDisplay(...) .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 337-339 .. code-block:: Python display.help() .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none ╭─ RocCurveDisplay for HistGradientBoostingClassifier ─╮ │ display │ │ ├── Attributes │ │ │ ├── .ax_ │ │ │ ├── .chance_level_ │ │ │ ├── .figure_ │ │ │ └── .lines_ │ │ └── Methods │ │ └── .plot(...) - Plot visualization. │ ╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯ .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 340-345 .. code-block:: Python display.plot() display.ax_.set_title("Example of a ROC curve") display.figure_ plt.tight_layout() .. image-sg:: /auto_examples/model_evaluation/images/sphx_glr_plot_estimator_report_003.png :alt: Example of a ROC curve :srcset: /auto_examples/model_evaluation/images/sphx_glr_plot_estimator_report_003.png :class: sphx-glr-single-img .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 346-350 Similarly to the metrics, we aggressively use the caching to avoid recomputing the predictions of the model. We also cache the plot display object by detection if the input parameters are the same as the previous call. Let's demonstrate the kind of performance gain we can get. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 351-358 .. code-block:: Python start = time.time() # we already trigger the computation of the predictions in a previous call display = report.metrics.roc(pos_label=pos_label) display.plot() plt.tight_layout() end = time.time() .. image-sg:: /auto_examples/model_evaluation/images/sphx_glr_plot_estimator_report_004.png :alt: plot estimator report :srcset: /auto_examples/model_evaluation/images/sphx_glr_plot_estimator_report_004.png :class: sphx-glr-single-img .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 359-361 .. code-block:: Python print(f"Time taken to compute the ROC curve: {end - start:.2f} seconds") .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none Time taken to compute the ROC curve: 0.04 seconds .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 362-363 Now, let's clean the cache and check if we get a slowdown. .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 364-366 .. code-block:: Python report.clear_cache() .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 367-373 .. code-block:: Python start = time.time() display = report.metrics.roc(pos_label=pos_label) display.plot() plt.tight_layout() end = time.time() .. image-sg:: /auto_examples/model_evaluation/images/sphx_glr_plot_estimator_report_005.png :alt: plot estimator report :srcset: /auto_examples/model_evaluation/images/sphx_glr_plot_estimator_report_005.png :class: sphx-glr-single-img .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 374-376 .. code-block:: Python print(f"Time taken to compute the ROC curve: {end - start:.2f} seconds") .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none Time taken to compute the ROC curve: 1.58 seconds .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 377-378 As expected, since we need to recompute the predictions, it takes more time. .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-timing **Total running time of the script:** (0 minutes 27.286 seconds) .. _sphx_glr_download_auto_examples_model_evaluation_plot_estimator_report.py: .. only:: html .. container:: sphx-glr-footer sphx-glr-footer-example .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-jupyter :download:`Download Jupyter notebook: plot_estimator_report.ipynb ` .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-python :download:`Download Python source code: plot_estimator_report.py ` .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-zip :download:`Download zipped: plot_estimator_report.zip ` .. only:: html .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-signature `Gallery generated by Sphinx-Gallery `_